Listening and Speaking
1.1 Conversational Skills: Polite Language
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify polite expressions used in the introduction of self and others
- use polite expressions in the introduction of self and others in different speaking contexts
- model respectful behaviour during introductions
- Why is it important for people to introduce themselves?
- make a list of necessary details about people that one needs to know for effective introduction
- brainstorm different types of introduction
- list polite expressions that can be used during the introduction
- match polite expressions to corresponding types of introduction
- discuss reasons for using polite language in introductions
- use games such as ‘catch the ball’ for the introduction of others
- role-play different contexts of self-introduction with peers
- review an audio or video recording of formal and informal introductions
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.2 Oral Presentations: Oral Narratives
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- outline the oral narrative performance techniques for effective delivery
- use oral narrative techniques during the performance
- appreciate the importance of performance techniques in the successful delivery of oral material
- What makes one a good storyteller?
- watch live or recorded oral performances of narratives as a class
- search online or offline for information on performance techniques, in pairs, and make presentations to peers
- discuss the oral performance techniques
- perform oral narratives while peers watch, record, and then give feedback
- compose oral narratives and suggest to peers the most suitable ways of performing them
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.3 Listening for the main idea
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify the main idea from varied descriptive texts
- pick out specific information from varied descriptive texts
- acknowledge the importance of listening skills in communication
- What can you do to ensure you capture the main ideas from a speaker?
- listen to audio recordings on hygiene and identify the main idea
- listen for specific information from the audio recording on hygiene and take notes
- search online and offline for expressions that signal the main ideas, such as
- this talk is about
- I will talk about
- watch a video describing a process, a person, or an object and pick out specific information
- listen to peers read descriptive texts, and note down the main ideas in turns
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.4 Listening Comprehension: Selective Listening
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- distinguish between specific and general information from a listening text
- select specific information from a listening text
- listen and respond to texts on leadership
- emphasise the value of listening skills in communication
- What can you do to ensure you capture relevant information from a speaker?
- listen to an audio text and decide whether the information presented is specific or general
- search online for audio recordings on leadership and attentively listen to text for specific information
- watch a role play and respond to questions
- listen to a passage on leadership (good governance) and answer questions posed by the speaker
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.5 Pronunciation: Sounds and Word Stress
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify the consonant and vowel sounds in words
- articulate consonants and vowel sounds for oral fluency
- distinguish the meaning of words on the basis of stress
- advocate the role of correct pronunciation in communication
- Why is it important to articulate sounds correctly?
- pronounce the consonant sounds /p/, /b/, /k/ and /g/ from a text
- practise saying the short /i/ and the long /i:/ sounds in pairs
- watch and listen to an audio-visual recording featuring selected consonants and vowel sounds
- work with peers to make a recording featuring learned sounds
- practise saying words with the sounds/p/ as in pin; /b/ as in bean, /k/ as in kin; /g/ as in goat, /i/ as in bin; and /i:/ as in seen correctly
- distinguish the meaning of words based on stress, for example, project (verb) project (noun)
- play language games to distinguish word meaning on basis of stress
- practise pronouncing minimal pairs containing the target sounds
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.6 Conversation Skills
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify verbal and non-verbal forms of polite interruptions
- apply turn-taking skills in different speaking contexts
- use verbal and non- verbal cues to interrupt a conversation politely
- acknowledge the importance of politeness in communication
- How can you ensure that you do not dominate in a conversation?
- watch a live or recorded dialogue depicting turn-taking skills and interrupting politely
- practise in pairs interrupting someone politely
- practise turn taking in a conversation with peers
- watch short videos of conversations or television programmes and identify instances of turn taking and polite interruptions
- listen to a radio talk show and pick out polite words and expressions
- write examples of polite words and expressions on sticky notes or flash cards and paste them on the wall or class noticeboard
- create posters showing polite expressions as well as ways of interrupting someone politely
- design posters on turn taking skills and polite interruptions and display them
- role-play a dialogue on the effects of drug and substance abuse
- recite a conversational verse (choral), make an audio or video recording and share it on WhatsApp, email, or social media
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.7 Listening Comprehension: Listening for Details
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify clues that signal details from a listening text
- take detailed notes on a listening text
- acknowledge the importance of listening for details
- What factors interfere with one’s ability to listen well?
- How can you tell that people are listening attentively?
- search online or offline for signposts that introduce details in an oral text
- listen and identify words that introduce different types of details that indicate
- addition such as first, also, moreover
- emphasis such as an important note, especially, particularly
- comparison such as. like, similarly, just as
- contrast such as but, however, on the other hand
- illustration such as for example, for instance, such as
- cause-and-effect such as because, therefore, so that
- discuss the kinds of details one should look out for from a text. The details could include numbers, figures, points, facts, examples, people, places, behaviour, and opinions
- listen and note the clues signalling details from a peer
- listen to a live or recorded oral presentation on a
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.8 Listening Comprehension: Explanatory Narratives
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify the characters from a listening text
- sequence the events in explanatory narratives
- explain the moral lessons in an explanatory narrative
- acknowledge the importance of listening comprehension in communication
- What are the functions of oral narratives?
- listen to a recording of an explanatory narrative from a digital device and retell the story
- search online and offline for information on explanatory narratives
- dramatise dialogues in the explanatory narratives
- role-play the story telling session
- identify the moral lessons and relate them to real life situations
- discuss behaviour of the characters in the explanatory narratives, in pairs
- create an explanatory narrative- and share it through WhatsApp, social media, among others
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.9 Pronunciation: Consonant and Vowel Sounds
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- articulate correctly the consonant sounds/t/, /d/, /l/, /r/ in words articulate correctly vowel sounds /ʊ/ and /uː/ in words
- pronounce words correctly using stress
- distinguish the meaning of words based on stress
- acknowledge the importance of correct pronunciation in oral communication
- Why should you pronounce words correctly?
- Why do people find it difficult to pronounce some words?
- In what ways can one improve own pronunciation?
- listen to audio clips and watch video clips with the sounds /t/, /d/, /l/, /r, /, /ʊ/ and /uː/ in words
- articulate the following consonants and vowel sounds
- /t/ as in toll
- /d/as in doll
- /l/ as in liver
- /r/ as in river
- /ʊ/ as in pull, bull
- /uː/ as in pool, boot
- watch an oral presentation and pick out words with the target sounds
- practise pronouncing words with the target consonant and vowel sounds, in pairs
- sort words based on the pronunciation of the target, consonant, and vowel sounds
- recite poems or sing songs on national heroes with the target sounds
- say tongue twisters with the target consonant and vowel sounds
- listen to audio featuring a variety of words and classify them in their word classes according to the stressed syllables
- engage in pronunciation drills on stress for distinguishing word class
- underline stressed syllables in words
- discuss the importance of correct pronunciation and use of stress in conveying meaning
- reflect on the target consonant and vowel sounds and identify those they struggle with for further practise
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.10 Oral Presentations: Delivering Speeches
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify occasions where speeches are presented
- apply the features of oral presentations for effective, communication
- appreciate the importance of good oral presentation skills when delivering a speech
- How can one deliver a speech effectively?
- Think, pair, and share on occasions where speeches are presented
- Search online or offline for features of oral presentation and make short notes
- work with peers to listen to recorded grade-appropriate speeches the share their opinions on the sppeches
- brainstorm the importance of body language in delivering a speech
- collaborate with peers to rehearse a speech and present it to each other
- write short speeches on the importance of music and present it to peers
- record the speeches being presented and discuss the presentations
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.11 Interviews
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- identify reasons for sitting an interview
- articulate points clearly and confidently during an oral interview
- respond confidently to questions during an interview
- Seek clarification during an oral presentation
- appreciate the importance of interviews in getting school placement and scholarships
- Why are interviews important?
- listen to and review an audio clip on school placement and scholarship interviews
- discuss reasons for sitting for a placement and scholarship interview
- search online and watch video clips on school placement and scholarship interview
- role-play the school placement and scholarship interview, record and share them via mobile phones and other social media channels
- conduct mock interviews in pairs or small groups
- collaborate with peers to record the interviews on digital devices
- share the videos with friends and peers on social media platforms, blogs among others
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.12 Listening: Views/ Opinions
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- list ways of expressing views/opinions in different contexts
- use different expressions that indicate own views/opinions in a given text
- acknowledge the value of one’s views/opinions as a lifelong skill in communication
- Why is it important to express one’s opinion?
- search online and offline for the different ways of expressing views/opinions
- listen to an oral narrative and identify the different ways used to express opinions/views
- role play the different characters in the narrative and bring out different ways of expressing opinions/views
- explain their feelings towards issues raised in the trickster narrative
- write on a chart the words they have used to describe their feelings
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
1.13 Events within the Classroom
By the end of this sub-strand, the learner should be able to:
- outline the organisation of an oral report of
- How can you make an oral report?
- brainstorm the content and organisation of an oral report e.g. introduction, body, and conclusion
Approved textbooks, realia, counters, flashcards, charts & digital devices.
